<div class="csl-bib-body">
<div class="csl-entry">Retscher, G. (2023). Indoor Navigation—User Requirements, State-of-the-Art and Developments for Smartphone Localization. <i>Geomatics</i>, <i>3</i>(1), 1–46. https://doi.org/10.3390/geomatics3010001</div>
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dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12708/142090
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dc.description.abstract
A variety of positioning systems have emerged for indoor localization which are based on several system strategies, location methods, and technologies while using different signals, such as radio frequency (RF) signals. Demands regarding positioning in terms of performance, robustness, availability and positioning accuracies are increasing. The overall goal of indoor positioning is to provide GNSS-like functionality in places where GNSS signals are not available. Analysis of the state-of-the-art indicates that although a lot of work is being done to combine both the outdoor and indoor positioning systems, there are still many problems and challenges to be solved. Most people moving on the city streets and interiors of public facilities have a smartphone, and most professionals working in public facilities or construction sites are equipped with tablets or smartphone devices. If users already have the necessary equipment, they should be provided with further functionalities that will help them in day-to-day life and work. In this review study, user requirements and the state-of-the-art in system development for smartphone localization are discussed. In particular, localization with current and upcoming ‘signals-of-opportunity’ (SoP) for use in mobile devices is the main focus of this paper.
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dc.language.iso
en
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dc.publisher
MDPI AG
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dc.relation.ispartof
Geomatics
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dc.rights.uri
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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dc.subject
smartphone positioning
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dc.subject
indoor environment
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dc.subject
user requirements
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dc.subject
key performance indicators
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dc.subject
challenges
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dc.subject
signals-of-opportunity (SoP)
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dc.subject
inertial navigation systems (INS)
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dc.subject
MEMS-based sensors
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dc.subject
Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)
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dc.subject
Ultra-wide band (UWB)
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dc.subject
smartphone camera
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dc.title
Indoor Navigation—User Requirements, State-of-the-Art and Developments for Smartphone Localization