Consumption and development of biofules in the European transport sector

Abstract

With the new European Union (EU) Renewable Energy Directive RED II adopted in 2018, the EU strives to increase consumption of renewable energy by 32 percent and to take a leading position in this regard by further reducing dependency on imported fossil fuels. Biofuels, such as bioethanol, biodiesel or biogas, play a significant role as the Directive fosters the consumption of them, as well as the further development of advanced biofuels, which is crucial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and the decarbonisation of the transport sector in the EU. The future of biofuel development depends to a large extent on political support and decisions, as well as technological development and more intensive use of new raw materials such as lignocellulosic biomass or waste feedstock. In addition the reduction of feedstocks with a high risk of land use change are also discussed. This thesis describes biofuels currently available on the European market, as well as the development of advanced biofuels. Subsequently, the impact of this new Directive on the availability of biofuels in the transport sector are summarized