dc.description.abstract
In this thesis, the synthesis of a new pyrazole-derived PCP pincer ligand featuring a central 1-methylpyrazole-ring able to coordinate via the carbon in the C4-position is outlined.Subsequently, the ability of this new PCP ligand to form well-defined metal complexes is described. Depending on the utilized metal precursor, either κ2-P,N coordination or κ3-P,C,P coordination is observed. Group 6 metal carbonyls give isostructural tetracarbonyl complexes with formula, [M(κ2-P,N-PCP-iPr)(CO)4] (M = Cr, Mo, W), all of which share a κ2-P,N coordinated PCP ligand as a common motif. The zero-valent metal carbonyl precursors Mn2(CO)10, Fe2(CO)9 and Co2(CO)2 as well as the nickel(0) precursor Ni(COD)2 are able to undergo oxidative addition of the C-H bond to yield the complexes [Mn(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)(CO)3], [Fe(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)H(CO)2], [Co(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)(CO)2] and [Ni(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)H], respectively.Regarding catalytic applications of these new complexes, this work is focused on the development of iron catalysts. The field of iron PCPs is still topic of ongoing research with fewer reported catalytic applications compared to other base metals.A synthetic route to transform the iron hydride [Fe(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)H(CO)2] to the corresponding alkyl complexes [Fe(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)R(CO)2] (R = Me, CH2CH2CH3) via the intermediate generation of the iron(0) complex Na[Fe(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)(CO)2] is showcased. The potential of the iron PCP alkyl complexes for catalytic transformations is investigated. The applicability of [Fe(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)(CH2CH2CH3)(CO)2] for the transfer-semihydrogenation of terminal and internal alkynes utilizing a mixture of phenylsilane and isopropanol as hydrogen source is demonstrated. No over-hydrogenation is observed for terminal alkynes and internal alkynes exclusively give the respective (Z)-alkene.Furthermore, [Fe(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)(CH2CH2CH3)(CO)2] is employed for the catalytic hydrosilylation of terminal and internal alkynes. In any case syn-addition of the Si-H bond is observed. While symmetrical internal alkynes yield selectively one product, unsymmetrical ones give two regioisomers in statistical ratios. Terminal alkynes are less selective and form the (E)-anti-Markovnikov vinylsilane as major species alongside the Markovinikov vinylsilane and corresponding alkene. Next, the potential of [Fe(κ3-P,C,P-PCP-iPr)(CH2CH2CH3)(CO)2] for the hydroboration of nitroarenes under mild conditions is demonstrated. Reduction to the respective N-borylated anilines is observed, which were eventually isolated as aniline hydrochlorides.Finally, the possibility to transform the anionic PCP ligand by methylation of the pyrazole moiety into a so-called remote N-heterocyclic carbene (rNHC) with a zwitterionic pyrazolin-4-ylidene as central donor is showcased. The synthesis and characterization of one manganese and four iron rNHC complexes is described.
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