Engineered Living Materials II : Mapping the ELM Field from Biogenic Content to Fabrication

Abstract

Building on the foundations, classifications and future potentials established in the Nano-Trust-Dossier 64 ”Engineered Living Materials I”, this dossier explores the ELMs landscape in more detail, introducing the Biogenic Composition Ratio (BCR) as a categorisation scheme and providing an in-depth review of ELMs types ranging from fully biogenic to bioinspired materials. Additionally, production methodologies such as lamination, bioprinting, and electrospinning are discussed in ELMs fabrication. This dossier serves as a transition towards examining ELMs properties across length scales. It addresses the complex challenges inherent in designing and scaling ELMs,which are elaborated upon in the concluding part.