Circularity Scenarios for Fruit Residues in Lower Austria

Abstract

Agricultural residues represent a significant yet underutilised resource within regional food systems. This thesis investigates the potential for circular use of fruit residues in Lower Austria and Vienna, focusing on waste streams from apricot and grape production. The study applies a transdisciplinary, mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative research, stakeholder engagement, and Material Flow Analysis (MFA) to understand current practices and future applications. The research first maps the current material flows of grape pomace and apricot stones, identifying major residue types, volumes, and processing patterns drawing on interviews, a stakeholder workshop, and regional data. The study identifies and assesses multiple circularity scenarios. For apricots, scenarios include kernel oil extraction and plant-based dairy alternatives while for grapes, scenarios include cascading valorisation for oil and antioxidant recovery and biogas production.Each scenario is assessed using a multi-criteria framework co-developed with stakeholders, incorporating ecological, social, and economic dimensions such as GHG emissions, market readiness, and regional value creation. The results show that while both sectors generate significant volumes of residues, current reuse practices are limited and predominantly low-value. Several high-value applications exist, supported by bioactive compound recovery, renewable energy potential, and emerging markets for circular products and dairy alternatives.The feasibility of the innovative pathways depends on improved, decentralised infrastructure and data sharing at regional level. In the case of consumer products such as milk alternatives, the strength of the consumer market is also a key success factor. This thesis contributes new empirical data and scenario modelling to the discourse on circular bioeconomy implementation at the regional level, offering a replicable framework for assessing and advancing residue valorisation strategies in agri-food systems.