dc.description.abstract
The examination of vacancy as a growing phenomenon of spatial transformation is based on a multitude of structural, economic, planning, and societal developments. Its relevance is reflected in profound processes operating across different scales, demonstrating that the question of how to deal with space, existing structures, and resources has become a central challenge within the planning discourse.The tension between newly developed areas and simultaneously unused building stock highlights spatial disparities in both urban and rural contexts. While new construction sites emerge on the edges of towns and cities, their centers are increasingly losing functions and quality of stay. Vacancy also affects the visual character and atmospheric perception of urban and rural settlements, acting as a mirror of historical developments and as a carrier of collective memory.Against this backdrop, the present thesis explores vacancy as a resource, focusing on the district of Baden, located in the industrial quarter of Lower Austria. Situated between the Vienna Woods and the Pannonian Basin, the region‘s spatial dynamics are shaped by proximity to Vienna, structural change, land consumption, and development pressure.The aim of the thesis is to analyze the causes, impacts, heritage, and regional context of vacancy in order to develop a set of instruments that can support municipalities in dealing with underused and unused building structures. The three selected case study municipalities - Bad Vöslau, Tattendorf, and Blumau-Neurißhof - represent different spatial typologies (urban, rural, and post-industrial) and provide the basis for a comparative examination of space, society, and building culture.Methodologically, the thesis combines theoretical, analytical and context-oriented approaches. The theoretical framework connects scientific foundations with regional analyses and on-site investigations and transitions into a practical part supported by mappings and graphic representations. From these analyses, five guiding principles emerge - Identify, Communicate, Activate, Preserve, Transform - which structure the proposed instrument and conceptualize vacancy as a spatial, architectural, social, and atmospheric resource. The findings reveal that vacancy as a resource must always be understood within its spatial and historical context, yet overarching approaches and guiding principles can be derived. In Bad Vöslau, the focus lies on reactivating the spa culture (Kurkultur) through its historic buildings, in Tattendorf, on strengthening village identity, and in Blumau-Neurißhof, on transforming the industrial heritage. As a shared approach, the thesis advocates for the revitalization of town centers, sustainable inner development, and raising awareness of the value of existing structures. Vacancy is thus understood as a potential for spatial, cultural, and societal development - a link between past and future, loss of function and spatial quality, cultural identity and planning action.
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