Electric Vehicles and Artificial Intelligence in the Mobility Transition

Abstract

The decarbonization of the transport sector is increasingly driven by electrification and digitalization. While the adoption of battery electric vehicles (EVs) has accelerated due to strong policy support, key challenges remain, including high total cost of ownership (TCO), limited driving range, and insufficient charging infrastructure. This paper examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in addressing these barriers and supporting the transition to sustainable mobility. AI applications in EVs, particularly in battery management, energy optimization, predictive maintenance, and smart charging, enable improved efficiency, reduced operational costs, and enhanced vehicle performance. These advancements can significantly lower TCO and improve the economic viability of EVs, especially for fleet applications. At the system level, AI also supports grid integration and more efficient use of renewable energy. However, the integration of AI introduces challenges related to investment costs, data governance, cybersecurity, and regulatory frameworks. The paper highlights that realizing the full potential of AI-enabled EVs requires coordinated technological development and supportive policy measures.