60-GHz Millimeter-Wave Propagation inside Bus: Measurement, Modelling, Simulation and Performance Analysis

Abstract

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) transmission over the unlicensed 60 GHz spectrum is a potential solution to realize high-speed internet access, even inside mass transit vehicles. The solution involves communication between users and an mmWave-band on-board unit which aggregates/ disseminates data streams from/ to commuters, and maintains connection with the nearest terrestrial network infrastructure node. In this paper, we provide a measurement-based channel model for 60 GHz mmWave propagation inside a typical inter-city bus. The model characterizes power delay profile (PDP) of the wireless intra- vehicular channel and is derived from about a thousand data sets measured within the bus. The proposed analytical model is further translated to a simple simulation algorithm which generates in-vehicle channel PDPs. Different goodness-of-fit tests confirm that the simulated PDPs are in good agreement with the measured data. Finally, a tapped-delay-line (TDL) channel model is formulated from the proposed PDP model, and the TDL model is used to study bit error rate (BER) performance of mmWave link inside bus under varying data rates and link lengths.