According to a report by the UN environmental program, biodiversity is an essential condition for the preservation of life on earth (Umweltbundesamt GmbH, 2004, p.325). In the past years it was detected that this diversity has declined rapidly - already over 45% of butterfly species and 38% of bird species are now under threat and the size of wetlands has decreased by 60% (Kommission der europäischen Gemeinschaften, 2002, p.8 ). In addition, 24% of bird, butterfly and mammal species in several member states of the European Union have already been classified as „extinct” (Mayr C., 2013, p.6). A key reason for the decline in biodiversity is the increasing effects of climate change and the change in the habitats of animals and plants that go along with it (cf. IPCC, 2007). Already in 1998 the European Commission published a strategy for dealing with the conservation of biodiversity (Generaldirektion Umwelt der Europäischen Kommission, 2007). Based on this, in 2001 at the spring summit of European heads of state and government in Gothenburg, the agreement was reached "that the decline in biodiversity should be stopped with the aim of achieving this by 2010" (Schlussfolgerungen des Vorsitzes, Europäischer Rat, vom 15. und 16. Juni 2001, Zf 31). In their implementation as Natura 2000 Network, the Birds Directive and Habitats Directive make an important contribution to achieving the goals of relevant international nature conservation conventions. But it is not only the fauna, flora and habitats that suffer from the challenges associated with changing climate conditions. Human well-being also depends on the elementary systems of the earth and their nature. A negative influence on the physical characteristics, e.g. Temperature, sea level or the availability of water, as well as the ecosystems based on them, pose significant threats to human health (Lozán et al, 2008). One example is the hot period in summer 2003, when 55,000 additional human deaths were recorded in Europe. Although due to numerous uncertainty factors it is still difficult to assess the possible health effects of climate change, the need to develop and implement adaptation strategies is undisputed (Jendritzky, 2007, p. 108).At the beginning, the present work explains the basics as well as the political and legal context of Natura 2000. In the course of showing the possibilities of these protected areas to influence urban planning, the connection between these subjects is shown. A brief introduction to the basics of climate change illustrates the urgency of implementing measures to adapt to climate change and climate protection in order to not only protect fauna, flora and habitats from the effects of climate change, but also to adapt agglomerations to the changing spatial conditions. The confrontation of climate change and Natura 2000 as well as climate change and urban planning show the connection and impact effects between the individual specialist fields. Studies show that in particular, the eastern lowlands of Austria, and thus a large part of Lower Austria, will be especially affected by the changed conditions due to climate change (Klima- und Energiefonds, 2019; Hofstätter et al, 2018, p.5). At the same time, this federal state is the one that has the highest percentage of Natura 2000 protected areas in terms of its total area. In 2006, approximately 45% of all “contractually bound, ecologically valuable areas of Austria” were located in Lower Austria (Amt der NÖ Landesregierung, 2017). Based on the description of the interrelationships and effects, it is to be deduced to what extent Natura 2000 areas can take part in local urban planning in order to support municipalities in implementing climate adaptation actions. Are Natura 2000 areas already a sufficient basis or an important point of reference to equip local conditions for the effects of climate change? Are Natura 2000 areas in fact instruments that can withstand the enormous challenges of climate change? To confirm these topics and the meaningfulness of the results on the basis of practical examples, a comparison between the statutory city of Krems an der Donau and the municipality of Hollabrunn is made. Although these municipality of Lower Austria are only about 40 km away from each other, the spatial conditions are extremely different. While Krems an der Donau possesses very diverse natural conditions, Hollabrunn is characterized by a homogeneous structure. Amongst other things, this is accentuated by the nature-relevant stipulations within the municipal boundaries. The development of Krems an der Donau not only has to be coordinated with a regional spatial planning program, numerous protected areas influence local planning options. Among others, six Natura 2000 areas indicate the importance of the space for species and habitats. In return, Hollabrunn has no stipulations in this regard. Neither nationally decreed programs nor nature conservation areas have been defined within the municipality. On basis of the analysis and interviews with experts of the municipalities, on the one hand conclusions on the handling and the importance of climate change and climate adaptation in the municipalities are made and, on the other hand, the need for action on spatial planning instruments regarding the handling of climate change, taking into account the relevance of Natura 2000 areas, is estimated. Amt der NÖ Landesregierung, 2017. Land- und forstwirtschaftliche Bewirtschaftung, Jagd und Fischerei [WWWDocument]. Land Niederösterreich. URL http://www.noe.gv.at/noe/Naturschutz/ Land_und_forstwirtschaftliche_Bewirtschaftung_Jagd_und_Fisc.html (zuletzt aufgerufen am 18.02.20). Europäischer Rat, 2001. Schlussfolgerung des Vorsitzes, Europäischer Rat (Göteborg), vom 15. und 16. Juni 2001. Generaldirektion Umwelt der Europäischen Kommission, 2007. Leitfaden zum strengen Schutzsystem für Tierarten von gemeinschaftlichem Interesse im Rahmen der FFH-Richtlinie 92/43/EWG (Leitfaden). Brüssel. Hofstätter, M., et al, 3019. KlimaStatusBericht Österreich 2018. CCCA Geschäftsstelle, Wien. IPCC, 2007. Zusammenfassung für politische Entscheidungsträger (Beitrag der Arbeitsgruppe I zum Vierten Sachstandsbericht des Zwischenstaatlichen Ausschusses für Klimaänderung (IPCC)), Klimaänderung 2007: Wissenschaftliche Grundlagen. IPCC - The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Bern/Wien/Berlin. Jendritzky, G., 2007. Folgen des Klimawandels für die Gesundheit, Folgen des Klimawandels für die Gesundheit. Freiburg. Klima- und Energiefonds, 2019. 5 Fakten zum Klimawandel [WWW Document]. KLAR! KlimawandelAnpassungsModellRegion. URL https://klar-anpassungsregionen.at/klimawandelfakten (zuletzt aufgerufen am 2.11.20). Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaft, 2002. Arbeitsdokument der Europäischen Kommission zu Natura 2000. Lozán, J.L., et al. 2008. Warnsignal Klima: Gesundheitsrisiken. Gefahren für Menschen, Tiere und Pflanzen, Wiss. Auswertungen. Hamburg. Mayr, C., 2013. Das EU-Schutzgebietsnetz Natura 2000 - Hintergründe, Stolpersteine, Herausforderungen für die Zukunft. Brüssel. Umweltbundesamt GmbH, 2004. Siebenter Umweltkontrollbericht (No. 7). Umweltbundesamt GmbH, Wien.