Exploring decarbonization strategies: a comprehensive analysis of climate-neutral hydrogen's impact on energy, environment, and economics in iron and steel industry

Abstract

The steel industry stands as a significant contributor to global carbon emissions, posing a formidable challenge in the quest for decarbonization. As societies increasingly prioritize sustainability, the demand for low-carbon steel production processes intensifies. In response, the integration of green hydrogen emerges as a promising solution to mitigate carbon footprints in steel manufacturing. This thesis explores the role of green hydrogen in decarbonizing the steel industry. Green hydrogen, produced through electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources, offers a clean alternative to traditional hydrogen production methods reliant on fossil fuels. By leveraging renewable energy inputs, green hydrogen production achieves carbon neutrality, thereby addressing the environmental concerns associated with conventional steelmaking. The adoption of green hydrogen in steel production holds immense potential to revolutionize the industry's carbon footprint. This thesis delves into the technical feasibility, economic viability, and environmental benefits of integrating green hydrogen into steel manufacturing processes. The thesis found that using electric arc furnaces with scraps and green hydrogen will significantly reduce emissions. Despite consuming more energy and being more expensive than traditional technologies, these methods are likely to make a substantial contribution to global efforts in combating climate change and facilitate the transition towards a more sustainable and greener steel sector.