Timmer, F. (2022). A bet on electrification. Challenges, insights and opportunities in the end of life management of li-ion electric vehicle batteries [Master Thesis, Technische Universität Wien]. reposiTUm. https://doi.org/10.34726/hss.2022.103539
Li-ion Batteries; End of life management; Electrification; Automotive
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Abstract:
Electrification is set to change mobility as we know it. Governments have pursued legislative changes to enhance the prospect of climate neutrality. This change, is primarily facilitated through the employment of electric vehicles, which run on li-ion batteries. These circumstances will result in unprecedented volumes of retired li-ion batteries. Consequently, the recyclingindustry will have to adapt.This investigation initially focuses on providing a macro outlook on how li-ion batteries work,if they have a future and what this incremental change in mobility means in regard to total CO2 emissions. The investigation especially focuses on the end of life management of li-ionbatteries. A field worth investigating since, on average li-ion batteries have a lifetime expectancy of 7 – 10 years, before losing some of their capacity output, deeming them redundant for electric vehicles as the already limited kilometer reach will be reduced.Furthermore, this investigation will explore the notion of repurposing li-ion batteries and thechallenges and obstacles revolving around establishing a second life for the battery. Economic aspects of both recycling and repurposing will be explored to shed light on the viability of suchprocesses. Specifically the investigation will analyze direct recycling methods and hydrometallurgical recycling methods.This investigation relies on proving or disproving three hypotheses, with the aim of providing a sound understanding of end of life management in regard to li-ion batteries. Ultimatelyaiming at formulating the ground work in regard to the crucial and important aspect of establishing a circular economy within the EV battery market, through optimization in end of life management.
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