Mechanochemistry has emerged as a revolutionary tool in modern synthetic chemistry, especially in the development of more sustainable and environmentally benign chemical processes. A unique advantage is that the need for a solvent can be eliminated, which is in stark contrast to conventional synthetic reactions. Furthermore, reactions can be carried out at lower temperatures eventually due to increased reaction kinetics. These unique features make mechanochemistry highly attractive for both industrial applications and fundamental research across diverse fields, including material science, inorganic chemistry, and organic chemistry.
In a program dedicated to substitute volatile and toxic reagents for the introduction of short carbon chains by safer alternatives, we developed the first solvent-free, mechanochemical protocol for a palladium-catalyzed Tsuji-Trost allylation. This approach features exceptionally low catalyst loadings (0.5 mol%), short reaction times (< 90 min), and a simple setup, eliminating the need for air or moisture precautions, making the process highly efficient and environmentally benign. We introduce solid, nontoxic, and easy-to-handle ally-trimethylammonium salts as valuable alternative to volatile or hazardous reagents. Our approach enables the allylation of various 0-, N-, and C nucleophiles in yields up to 99 % even for structurally complex bioactive compounds, owing to its mild conditions and exceptional functional group tolerance.
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Research facilities:
Zentrum für Kernspinresonanzspektroskopie
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Project title:
Substitution von gasförmigen Reagenzien durch Feststoffe: P 33064-N (FWF - Österr. Wissenschaftsfonds)
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Research Areas:
Sustainable Production and Technologies: 25% Efficient Utilisation of Material Resources: 25% Beyond TUW-research focus: 50%