This presentation explores process-oriented approaches to healthcare design using early-stage functional planning and agent-based simulation. Rather than starting with architectural form, the methods presented derive spatial organization from activities, functional relationships, and treatment processes. Using schematic models, treatment chains, and real-world process data, simulation enables the analysis of patient flows, resource utilization, bottlenecks, and space requirements as early as the initial planning phases. The presentation further discusses how complex system behavior arises from the interactions between patients, staff, and functional units, and how such approaches can support the planning of other complex building types beyond the healthcare sector.