Trajectory estimation with GNSS, IMU and LiDAR for terrestrial/kinematic laser scanning

Abstract

Kinematic laser scanning allows for efficient acquisition of large-scale and highly accurate 3D data. Georeferencing of the LiDAR data requires integration with auxiliary navigation systems. The standard processing pipeline consists of GNSS/IMU integration, georeferencing, and subsequent adjustment of the laser data. In contrast, we propose a holistic approach for GNSS, IMU and LiDAR integration where all measurements are incorporated in a single model, thereby enabling accurate estimation of both trajectory and system calibration parameters. This method is applied to the case of a 3D laser scanner mounted on a moving platform. We demonstrate precise georeferencing of the kinematically acquired data by comparison to statically acquired reference data.