Kames, D., Mamasioulas, A., Schlund, S., & Chryssolouris, G. (2023). Hardware start-ups and manufacturing innovation. Production and Manufacturing Research, 11(1), Article 2246537. https://doi.org/10.1080/21693277.2023.2246537
This paper provides firstly an overview of the literature on hardware start-ups, which are also related to manufacturing innovation. It continues with a framework, based on an interview series with hardware start-ups and their respective stakeholders. It includes a discussion about the relevant challenges and success factors, along with a potential set of metrics that can be of help for the evaluation of start-ups.