AlxCr1-xN and (AlxCr1-x)2O3 hard coatings deposited by physical vapour deposition techniques (i.e. cathodic arc evaporation or sputtering) are commonly used in industrial machining applications such as milling, drilling, turning, and cutting, to increase the performance and lifetime of tools and components by reducing endurance, maintenance, and thus costs in general. Therefore, such Al-Cr-based protective hard coatings exhibit high hardness, high thermal stability, high wear and oxidation resistance which make them suitable for a multitude of applications, which not only require a balanced and tailored property spectrum up to 1000 °C (and beyond), but also the capability to withstand oxidising and chemically invasive environments. It is well known, that deposition parameters such as temperature, bias voltage, (reactive) gas mixture, and partial pressure as well as the cathode/target material itself highly influences the coatings structure and morphology and thus the coating properties. However, a convenient method to improve their properties of particular interest is the formation of architecturally designed coatings (e.g. multilayer or even superlattice arrangements and graded compositions). Therefore, the impact of coating architecture and interfaces on mechanical properties of arc evaporated AlxCr1-xN/(AlxCr1-x)2O3 multilayers has been investigated. Three different interface geometries ¿ blurred, hybrid, and distinct ¿ were designed by adjusting the reactive gas configuration between the individual AlxCr1-xN and (AlxCr1-x)2O3 layers. Variations in the overall interface volume (architecture) were realised by varying the deposition time per layer, resulting in 12, 25, and 50 bilayers with (bilayer) thicknesses between 30 and 175 nm. All multilayers were synthesised in a single-phase cubic structure with lattice parameters in between monolithically grown AlCrN and AlCrO. Thereby, for the three larger bilayer periods, XRD peaks indicative for oxygen and nitrogen-rich layers can be separated, whereas a gradual convergence and grain refinement is observed when decreasing the individual layer thickness. The most favourable mechanical properties were obtained for the distinct interface geometry (H of ~19 GPa) followed by hybrid (16 GPa) or blurred (14 GPa) multilayers. By decreasing the bilayer period and hence increasing the overall interface volume these differences gradually diminish and the behaviour of distinct, hybrid, and blurred interface architectures equalize, leading to maximum H values of around 22.5 GPa. Furthermore, cathodic arc evaporated homogenously grown (AlxCr1-x)2O3 as well as AlxCr1-xN/(AlxCr1-x)2O3 multilayer coatings were synthesised using powder metallurgically prepared Al0.7Cr0.3 targets. These coatings were studied in detail for their thermal stability, as well as their phase evolution during annealing. A combination of differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, and hardness investigations after annealing the samples up to 1500 °C in vacuum for one hour were used. The powder annealed (AlxCr1-x)2O3 demonstrate a phase transformation of the face centred cubic (Al,Cr)2O3 phase into the corundum-type (Al,Cr)2O3 solid solution at ~1050 °C. The corundum-type (Al,Cr)2O3 solid solution deposited on Al2O3 substrates dissociates to ¿-Al2O3 and transient chromium oxides after annealing at elevated temperatures for 1 h. Investigations on powder as well as Al2O3 substrates, indicate the formation and evaporation of transient chromium-oxides also for AlxCr1-xN/(AlxCr1-x)2O3 multilayer coatings. DSC/TGA results point out that in the case of the multilayers, the thermal stability increases, with higher number of bilayers, regardless of their interface types (distinct and blurred). The decomposition of CrN into h-Cr2N and further to c-Cr, via N2 release, can be therefore retarded up to ~1200 °C. However, a cathodic arc evaporated monolithically grown gradient-layer¿with a continuous transition from (Al,Cr)N to (Al,Cr)2O3 and back to (Al,Cr)N¿was synthesised using powder metallurgically prepared Al0.7Cr0.3 targets. The transition zone from nitride to oxide was investigated in detail by TEM-SAED and STEM-EDS, to understand the structural and chemical evolution taking place through continuous transitions or blurred interfaces between individual (Al,Cr)N and (Al,Cr)2O3 layers. This information was used to deposit the (AlxCr1-x)(O1-yNy) films with specifically tailored structural and chemical properties and studied in detail for their thermal stability. DSC/TGA results again point out that in the case of (Al,Cr)(O,N), the thermal stability increases, with increasing O fraction. The decomposition of CrN into h-Cr2N and subsequently to c-Cr, via N2 release, can be successfully retarded from ~1090 to 1150 °C and thus 50 °C lower than the before mentioned multilayer arrangement of individual (Al,Cr)N and (Al,Cr)2O3 layers. At last, monolithically grown as well as multi-layered (AlxCr1-x)(O1-yNy) coatings were synthesised with different synthetic air flow rates by reactive arc evaporation using powder metallurgical prepared Al0.7Cr0.3 targets. Increasing the synthetic air flow rate from 200 to 1100 sccm (absolute) or 50 to 275 sccm (per active source, p.a.s.), results in higher oxygen fraction for the monolithically grown films and thus in a transition from a dense (Al,Cr)N-like coating with single phase fcc structure, to a columnar structured (Al,Cr)2O3-like film with cubic and hexagonal phases, higher defect as well as droplet density. Therefore, the hardness of these coatings decreases from ~33 to 15 GPa with increasing oxygen fraction, while the multilayers exhibit hardness values of ~26 GPa. The latter show single phase fcc structures. The thermal stability of (Al,Cr)(O,N) coatings synthesised with synthetic air increases with increasing O fraction. The onset temperature for the decomposition of fcc-CrN into h-Cr2N and further to bcc-Cr, via N2 release, as well as the transition from metastable fcc-(Al,Cr)2O3 to ¿-(Al,Cr)2O3 can be retarded up to 1200¿1300 °C for annealing in He or synthetic air atmosphere, respectively.