Multi-domain simulation utilizing SysML: state of the art and future perspectives

Abstract

Increasing system complexity requires adapted methodologies to tackle the challenges that come along with multi-domain systems development. Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) provides significant support by using models to describe different aspects of an examined system already in the early stages of the development process. The Systems Modeling Language (SysML) can be utilized to establish a common system information basis on a comparatively abstract level for all participating stakeholders. Although SysML models are able to encompass system information like requirements, structure, behaviour and parametrics, in many cases additional specialized simulation or computation models are needed, especially for early design decision-making and verification activities. Ideally, the input data and the calculated results are automatically exchanged between the SysML modelling editor and the involved simulation tools. Hence, tool chain integration is a crucial factor to provide the necessary interconnectivity to achieve multi-domain simulation. In general, the integration of simulation environments with SysML tools is mainly limited by two factors. First, as the tools available for modelling with SysML are legion, interface solutions are usually developed for a specific tool and therefore, their usage is restricted to that particular software. Second, evolving standards like the Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) provide capabilities to ease model data exchange and co-simulation, but the implementation of different versions of various standards in the tools causes incompatibilities. In this work a state of the art of the integration between simulation environments and available SysML modelling tools with respect to utilized standards and their implementation maturity is presented. Additionally, the capabilities of the reviewed tools to support co-simulation are evaluated. Furthermore, existing challenges are highlighted, and potential improvements are discussed.