Background: The adoption of Information and Communication Technology solutions in modern healthcare has been seen as supporting a digitally coherent system by improving care quality and efficiency. In recent years, the potential benefits of adopting eHealth solutions have already been recognized by numerous countries. Even in nations with lower healthcare budgets, as Albania, the acquisition and adoption of e-services in healthcare are desirable goals on the agendas of governmental policymakers. Albania has consistently demonstrated commitment to the deployment and advancement of eHealthservices during the past ten years. However, the adoption and usage of eHealth in Albania is an understudied subject.Objectives: This thesis has two objectives: Firstly, it aims to discover which eHealth solutions are being used among healthcare providers in Albania and find out how does the Albanian approach compare to the state of eHealth solutions of four other small European countries, including Denmark, Estonia, North Macedonia, and Slovenia. Secondly, it offers viewpoints from national healthcare stakeholders on Albania’s existing level of healthcare digitalization. The reflections seek to identify which eHealth services in Albania’s digital health ecosystem are now working effectively and what needs to be improved.Methodology: In order to get an understanding of the topic of this thesis a literature search was essential. Along with conducting general research on the subject of eHealth, a comparison review of four European nations with populations comparable to Albania’s was conducted. As a result, it was possible to compare Albania’s eHealth solutions to those utilised in other nations and learn more about their experiences or issues. In addition, 25 different health practitioners were interviewed. The data was analyzed byusing the MAXQDA software and applying the approach of Reflexive Thematic Analysis, which helped to identify patterns and connections between the topics.Results: Albania and all four of the countries investigated in the comparative analysis demonstrate engagement in implementing national eHealth solutions. The three most widely utilized eHealth applications in Albania’s public sector are eReferral, ePrescribing, and eSickLeave, which are well-established in primary care. In the four nations we reviewed in this study, eReferral and ePrescribing were two of the most frequently used eHealth systems as well. The eHealth services that are offered can only be accessed by the governmental institutions and are implemented nationally. Through the official portal e-Albania, patients can access some of their clinical information, including a list of diseases and recommendations or prescriptions and referrals issued by the general practitioners.The national electronic health record has already been implemented, however it is not currently in use in public healthcare facilities. As a result, public healthcare facilities lack digital health records at all levels of care. The majority of the records still remain handwritten in registers and are gathered in actual folders in Albania, while in Denmark, Estonia, and Slovenia the practice of storing health records electronically and exchanging them nationally is widespread.Based on the participant’s reflections, the benefits of the existing eHealth solutions in Albania include time savings, increased effectiveness, quick access to patient data, increased transparency, and a decrease in medication errors. On the other hand, despite the availability of some eHealth technologies physician access is restricted in hospital settings. Barriers may pose the lack of technical infrastructure, physicians’ resistance to innovation, and a lack of eHealth government legislation and regulations for enforcingor motivating the physicians to use such services. Moreover, the private clinics are not part of the healthcare networks, so there is no interaction between the governmental and private facilities.This study suggests that Albania has made progress in implementing national eHealth solutions, particularly in primary healthcare. However, in order to improve the current state of digital health in Albania, the health records should be digitalized, which would contribute to the enhancement of the overall health quality in Albania. The data collected could enhance medical research and help in governmental decision-making as well. In addition, political initiatives, regulations, and investments are required. On the other hand, the resistance of clinical staff to innovation should be reduced.Conclusion: This thesis can contribute in a better understanding of the country’s present strategy for digitalizing healthcare. The results of the eHealth solutions in the other four nations can contribute to building knowledge about eHealth solutions from other countries and best practices to better understand the Albanian approach. Additionally, the feedback from domestic stakeholders can help national healthcare policy makers by providing ideas of how eHealth should be improved or what is already assisting healthcare professionals in their work.Keywords: eHealth, Albania, healthcare processes, Electronic Health Records, ePrescribing, eReferral, eSickLeave, developing countries, middle-income country, reflexivethematic analyse